Transcription: Atherosclerosis, a disease of the arteries, occurs when certain substances traveling in the blood accumulate on the walls of an artery, narrowing the blood vessel and interfering with blood flow. Atherosclerosis begins with the buildup of certain forms of cholesterol on the endothelium, or lining of the artery wall. Calcium then binds to the fatty deposit, and the entire mass is wrapped in connective tissue, creating a solid mass, or plaque. severe cases, atherosclerosis can completely obstruct blood flow, causing a heart attack or stroke. Modern treatments include laser angioplasty, in which ...